
Forest fires are wildfires that primarily affect forest ecosystems (coniferous, broadleaf, mixed stands). They may burn surface fuels (leaf litter, understory), canopy fuels, or both.
Impacts include:
· Loss of timber resources and non-timber forest products;
· Soil erosion, flash flood risk, and sedimentation of reservoirs;
· Habitat loss and biodiversity impacts;
· Damage to protected areas and eco-tourism assets.
· EFFIS – Fire History and Statistics for Europe, Middle East and North Africa
· FAO & Plan Bleu – The State of Mediterranean Forests (latest editions)